Two weeks later, at 4 in the morning of February 7, a fifth quake struck, the largest yet.
There is a 25 to 40 percent chance, in a 50-year time span, of a magnitude 6.0 or greater earthquake.
Never was a scene more replete with terrific threatenings of death.”Based on eyewitness accounts and geological evidence, seismologists estimate the groundbreaking earthquake to have been 8.0 on today’s Richter scale. Game was plentiful, and when the French arrived in the 17th century, they named the area L’Anse a la Graisse—cove of fat, or grease—for its profusion of bear, bison, elk, and antelope.The American iteration known as New Madrid was laid out in 1789 by the speculator, Revolutionary War veteran, and Indian trader George Morgan.
Most of the crew members of the doomed vessels drowned. Those who survived coming face-to-face with a … Those who had dared return to their damaged homes watched the earth split in seemingly endless lines of fissures, each running southwest to northeast, hundreds of feet or more in length, and deep enough to swallow livestock. As the schoolteacher Eliza Bryan watched, it “seemed to recede from its banks, and its water gathered up like a mountain, leaving … boats stranded on the sand.” Beached crews ran for their lives as the river crashed upon them and their vessels.
New forecasts estimate a 7 to 10 percent chance, in the next 50 years, of a repeat of a major earthquake like those that occurred in 1811-1812, which likely had magnitudes of between 7.5 and 8.0. Not surprisingly, the people who had witnessed the quakes firsthand—as well as countless thousands who had merely heard or read the accounts—saw in them the sign of divine intervention, an indication of God’s dissatisfaction with humankind.
By this time, the air had filled with fog and the vapors spewed from within the earth.
Furniture slid across floors, brick chimneys collapsed, and heavy logs screeched as they skidded against one another. Although they existed for only a brief interval, they were lethal; 30 boats went over the New Madrid falls, and 28 of them sank.
In recent decades, minor earthquakes have continued.
By the time the quakes had subsided, the landscape had undergone a radical makeover.
Everyone in the community rushed out into the winter night, to be met with the overpowering stench of sulfur.In the bitter cold, the settlers remained outdoors throughout the night, as the temblors renewed every few minutes. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Over the past 4,500 years, a number of major earthquakes of magnitude 7.0 to 8.0 occurred in the NMSZ.
The people living in the area filled churches, seeking reprieve from God’s wreckage of the earth.Established as a trading community on the Mississippi River in the southeastern corner of what is now Missouri, the site of New Madrid had been a prime location for local tribes long before the coming of the Europeans. Another 19 boats tied to the New Madrid docks were ripped from their moorings and swept to destruction. As Pierce and his traveling companions watched, the earth opened up before them, sending “a volcanic discharge of combustible matter” skyward. “The banks above, below, and around us,” he later wrote, “were falling every moment into the river, all nature seemed running into chaos.” Some witnesses claimed that, for a short time, the river ran backward.Around 7 am December 16, another quake struck, every bit as powerful as the first. And through it all, the ground continued to pitch and roll, a stomach-churning motion that threw people about like rag dolls.With this fifth quake, the Mississippi River outdid itself. Tree with a double set of roots, formed in the aftermath of the New Madrid earthquakes (1811–12).
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